۱۶۰۰ ۱۶۵۰ ۱۷۰۰ ۱۷۵۰ ۱۸۰۰ ۱۸۵۰ ۱۹۰۰ ۱۹۵۰ ۲۰۰۰ گفته‌شده
رویداد زادروز درگذشت 1846 — Ether dental anesthetic — In 1846, dentist Dr. William Morton used an experimental anesthetic, ether, for the first time on one of his patients at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston for tooth extraction. 1862 — Revolving turret patent — In 1862, U.S. patent No. 36,593 was issued for a revolving turret for battleships to the inventor, Theodore Ruggles Timby (born Dover, NY, 5 Apr 1822). When Ericsson built the first turret battleship in the world, the Monitor, he 1890 — Edison patents — In 1890, Thomas A. Edison was granted U.S. patent No. 437422 for telegraphy, Nos. 437423,-4,-6 for a phonograph; No. 437425 for a phonograph-recorder; No. 437427 for a “Method of Making Phonograph Blanks”; No. 437428 for a “Propelling Dev 1902 — Rayon — In 1902, the "making of cellulose esters" was jointly patented by William H. Walker, Arthur D. Little and Harry S. Mork of Massachusetts. (U.S. No. 709922). A month later, on 28 Oct 1902, they also patented artificial silk (No. 712,200). Viscose w 1927 — Metre — In 1927, the 7th Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM) slightly modified the definition of the metre. It was still defined as the distance between two lines on the International prototype metre, but it was now specified that it should be 1963 — Gerenuk born in U.S. — In 1963, the first birth of a gerenuk in the U.S. occurred at the Zoological Park, Bronx Park, New York City. Gerenuks (Litocranius walleri) are reddish-brown antelopes from eastern Africa. It is also known as the giraffe gazelle, f 1802 — Antoine J. Balard — Antoine Jérôme Balard was a French chemist who in 1826 discovered the element bromine, determined its properties, and studied some of its compounds. Later he proved the presence of bromine in sea plants and animals. This discovery was 1906 — First international ballon race — In 1906, the world's first international balloon race began. It was won by a coal-gas balloon, the United States. Pilot Lt. Frank P. Lahm of the U.S. Signal Corps and his co-pilot Maj. Henry B. Hersey, of the Weather Bure 1883 — Nora Stanton Blatch Barney — American civil engineer whose professional and political activities built on her family's tradition of women leaders. In 1905, she was the first woman in the U.S. to obtain a degree in civil engineering and the first junior me 1969 — Sir Frederic Bartlett — Sir Frederic Charles Bartlett was an English psychologist who was Britain’s most outstanding cognitive psychologist between the World Wars. He wrote on practical (ergonomic) problems in applied psychology. In his pioneering cogniti 1846 — Wilhelm Adolf Becker — German archaeologist who is remembered for his works on the everyday life of the ancient Romans and Greeks. From 1842 he was professor of classical archaeology at Leipzig. His early studies of Plautus' comedies aroused his interest 1772 — James Brindley — English pioneer canal builder, who constructed the first English canal of major economic importance. He apprenticed (1733) as a millwright and wheelwright, making mills, dams and sluices. In 1742, he designed and built an engine for drain 1715 — Étienne Bonnot de Condillac — French philosopher, psychologist, logician, economist, and the leading advocate in France of the ideas of John Locke (1632-1704). In his works La Logique (1780) and La Langue des calculs (1798), Condillac emphasized the impor 1935 — Hoover (Boulder Dam) Dam dedication — In 1935, the Boulder Dam across the Colorado River, at Boulder City, Nevada, was dedicated. The concrete-arch dam, subsequently named Hoover Dam (1947), supplied the first U.S. hydroelectric plant to produce a million 1943 — Johann Deisenhofer — German biochemist who received the 1988 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of certain proteins that are essential to photosynthesis. Using X- 1881 — World's first public electricity — In 1881, the Godalming town council in Surrey, England, voted to have the world's first public electricity supply. The contract expired that day with a gas company that lit the community's high street. I instead of renew 1888 — Eunice Foote — Eunice Newton Foote was a American physicist, inventor and social activist whose experiments anticipated modern climate science. In 1856 she demonstrated that carbon dioxide and water vapor absorb heat and can warm the air, showing with sim 1882 — Hans Geiger — Hans Wilhelm Geiger was a German physicist who introduced the Geiger counter, the first successful detector of individual alpha particles and other ionizing radiations. After earning his Ph.D. at the University of Erlangen in 1906, he collab 1940 — Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield — English metallurgist (Baronet) who developed manganese steel, an alloy of exceptional durability that found uses in the construction of railroad rails and rock-crushing machinery. Hadfield discovered manganese steel in 1882. I 1959 — Ross Granville Harrison — American zoologist who developed the first successful animal-tissue cultures and pioneered organ transplantation techniques. In an early experiment, using tissue grafting techniques, he joined parts of embryos from differently co 1982 — Helicopter circumnavigation flight — In 1982, H. Ross Perot, Jr., and Jay Colburn completed the first helicopter world circumnavigation. The journey in the Spirit of Texas began 29 days, 3 hrs, and 8 mins earlier on 1 Sep. Their round trip began and ended 1882 — The first U.S. hydroelectric power plant — In 1882, the world’s first hydroelectric power plant in the U.S. was opened on the Fox River, in Appleton, Wisc. Powered by a water wheel, a single dynamo provided 12.5 kilowatts enough for 180 lights, of ten can 1917 — Irving B. Kahn — American inventor of the teleprompter, who headed the TelePrompTer company. In the mid 50's, Kahn designed and built what was perhaps the first remotely controlled, multi-image, rear projection system in the world for the U.S. Army's faci 1887 — Leslie H. Lampitt — Leslie Herbert Lampitt was an English analytical chemist and food scientist who as chief chemist of Lyons founded the largest food laboratory in Europe. After WW I service, his suggestion to Samuel Gluckstein of the food company J. Lyo 1842 — Charles Lapworth — English geologist who proposed what came to be called the Ordovician period (505 to 438 million years old) of geologic strata. Lapworth is famous for his work with marine fossils called graptolites. By fastidiously collecting the tiny, 2010 — Carpet stewardship law in California — In 2010, California law AB 2398, was signed, the first U.S. law making carpet manufacturers responsible for end-of-life carpet. A small, visible fee per sq. yd. is added at purchase, for a dedicated fund managed by t 1882 — Charles Lawrance — Charles Lanier Lawrance was an American aeronautical engineer who designed the first successful air-cooled aircraft engine, used on many historic early flights. He also designed a new type of wing section with an exceptionally good lift 1939 — Jean-Marie Lehn — French chemist who shared (with Charles J. Pedersen and Donald J. Cram) the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, for his contribution to the laboratory synthesis of molecules that mimic the vital chemical functions of molecules in living orga 1994 — André Michel Lwoff — French biologist who contributed to the understanding of lysogeny, in which a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, infects bacteria and is transmitted to subsequent bacterial generations solely through the cell division of its host. The 1905 — Sir Nevill F. Mott — Nevill Francis Mott was an English physicist who shared (with PhilipW. Anderson and John H. Van Vleck of the U.S.) the 1977 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent researches on the magnetic and electrical properties of amorphous 1841 — Pin packing machine — In 1841, a machine “for sticking pins into paper” was patented by Samuel Slocum of Poughkeepsie, N.Y. (U.S. No. 2275). A sliding hopper deposited a number of pins in grooves in a plate, from where a row of wires pushed them into a fo 2014 — Martin Perl — Martin Lewis Perl was an American physicist who received the 1995 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering a subatomic particle that he named the tau, a massive lepton with a negative charge. The tau, which he found in the mid-1970s, was the 1870 — Jean Perrin — Jean-Baptiste Perrin was a physicist who provided decisive experimental proof of the atomic nature of matter through his studies of erratic Brownian motion in fluids, in which tiny particles are battered by liquid molecules. Building on Albe 1953 — Lewis Fry Richardson — English mathematician, meteorologist, physicist and psychologist who first applied mathematics to accurate weather prediction. For this, he used the mathematical method of finite differences (1922). At first, limited computer power 1985 — Charles Richter — Charles Francis Richter was an American seismologist who devised the Richter Scale that measures earthquake magnitudes which he developed with his colleague, Beno Gutenberg, in the early 1930s. The scale assigns numerical ratings to the 1929 — First manned rocket-powered flight — In 1929, an early manned rocket-powered flight was made by German auto maker Fritz von Opel. His Sander RAK 1 was a glider powered by sixteen 50 pound thrust rockets. In it, Opel made a successful flight of 75 seconds, 1891 — Otto Yulyevich Shmidt — Soviet scientist and explorer responsible for the Soviet program of exploration and exploitation of Arctic resources; through his many activities he exercised a wide and diverse influence on Soviet life and thought. In 1937, on dri 1907 — Speed traps — In 1907, motor car speed traps were protested in a letter to The Times, London. Lord Montagu of Beaulieu (whose son founded the National Motor Museum) wrote to challenge anti-motorist complaints as opposing progress. To combat dust cloud nui 1954 — U.S.S. Nautilus, first nuclear submarine commissioned — In 1954, the world’s first nuclear submarine, the USS Nautilus, was commissioned at Groton, Conn. Its nuclear reactor eliminated diesel engines which previously limited a sub’s range and speed. Nucle 1939 — Martha Wollstein — American physician and pediatric pathologist. Her first experimental work involved infant diarrhea and confirmed earlier studies relating the dysentery bacillus to the disease. At the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research, she colla 1861 — William Wrigley Jr. — American manufacturer whose Wrigley's chewing gum company became the largest producer and distributor of chewing gum in the world. He left his father's soap factory in 1891 when he moved to Chicago. There his uncle supplied seed mone ۱۸۷۰ — ردّ مولکول‌ها در حرکت براونی ۱۸۸۸ — وقتی هوا گرمای بیشتری نگه داشت ۱۸۴۲ — چارلز لاپ‌ورث با بررسی فسیل‌های دریایی، ترتیب لایه‌های جابه‌جاشدهٔ سنگ را بازسازی کرد و دورهٔ اردوویسین را پیشنهاد داد. ۱۸۴۶ — ویلیام مورتون، دندان‌پزشک، از اتر به‌عنوان مادهٔ بیهوشی آزمایشی برای کشیدن دندان یک بیمار استفاده کرد. ۱۸۸۲ — هانس گایگر شمارنده‌ای برای آشکارسازی ذرات آلفا و دیگر تابش‌های یون‌ساز ساخت و در آزمایش‌های رادرفورد همکاری کرد. ۱۹۵۹ — راس گرنویل هریسون کشت موفق بافت جانوری را توسعه داد و با زنده نگه‌داشتن بافت، منشأ جنینی رشته‌های عصبی را بررسی کرد. ۱۹۸۵ — چارلز ریشتر با همکاری بنو گوتنبرگ مقیاسی برای اندازه‌گیری بزرگی زمین‌لرزه‌ها تدوین کرد.